What the data says about a 300-499 score
- Base FICO Scores start at 300, the bottom of this range, and go up to 850.
- FICO groups base scores below 580 in its Poor range, which it describes as well below the average score of U.S. consumers.
- Experian data from September 2025 put 14.7% of consumers in the FICO Poor range, 300 to 579.
- In Experian data from September 2025, people in the FICO Poor range used 79% of their available credit on average.
- The CFPB's consumer credit research calls FICO scores below 580 deep subprime.
- HUD's FHA rules do not allow FHA-insured mortgage financing when the borrower's credit score is below 500.
- A score of 300 to 499 is 81 to 280 points below 580, where FICO's Fair range starts.
Options people in this range often use
- Installment loans from lenders that work with thin or damaged credit, usually at higher APRs and lower amounts.
- Credit union payday alternative loans (PALs), capped at 28% APR for members.
- Secured credit cards and credit-builder loans, which report on-time payments to the credit bureaus.
Important disclosures
APRs vary by lender and state. Each lender sets its own rates and terms and must show you the APR before you sign.
Representative example
- Amount borrowed
- $1,000
- Annual percentage rate (APR)
- 29.99%
- Repayment
- 12 monthly payments
- Payment
- $97.48
- Finance charge
- $169.76
- Total of payments
- $1,169.76
Example: a $1,000 installment loan at 29.99% APR repaid in 12 monthly payments of $97.48 costs $1,169.76 in total, including a finance charge of $169.76. Illustration only; your lender will disclose your actual APR, payment schedule and total cost before you accept a loan.
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